| · Prescriptivism | : | The doctrine that part of the grammarian’s task is to prescribe good linguistic usage in order to improve general use of the language. |
| · Synchronic | : | Descriptive of a particular time or stage of development. |
| · Diachronic | : | Historical, involving change. |
| · Competence | : | The ability of native speakers to create and understand grammatical sentences, to detect deviant and ungrammatical sentences, and to make other linguistic judgments about utterances in their language. |
| · Performance | : | The actual utterances produced by speakers of a language. |
| · Grammatical | : | Accepted by native speakers as a possible arrangement of words in language. |
| · Vocal | : | Realized in the sounds of speech. |
| · Well-formed | : | Conforming to the rules of a grammar. |
| · Rule | : | A statement of a linguistic relationship. |
| · Semantics | : | The study of meaning. |
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