Sabtu, 06 November 2010

Cognitive development in education

A major controversy in cognitive development has been "nature vs. nurture", or nativism versus empiricism. However, it is now recognized by most specialists that this is a false dichotomy: there is overwhelming facts from biological & behavioral sciences that from the earliest points in development, gene activity interacts with events & experiences in the environment. Another issue is how culture & social experience relate to developmental changes in thinking. Another query is phylogenic convergence or homology with nonhuman animals. Most aspects of learning & cognition are similar in humans & nonhuman animals. These issues propagate to every aspect of cognitive development.

Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience & psychology focusing on a kid's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, & other aspects of brain development & cognitive psychology. A immense portion of research has gone in to understanding how a kid conceptualizes the world. Jean Piaget was a major force in the founding of this field, forming his "theory of cognitive development". Plenty of of his theoretical claims have since fallen out of favor. However, his description of the general tendencies of cognitive development (e.g., that it moves from being dependent on actions & perception in infancy to understanding of the more observable aspects of reality in childhood to capturing the underlying abstract rules & principles in adolescence is still usually acceptable. Moreover, plenty of of the phenomena that they found, such as object permanence in infancy & the conservations in school age children, are actual & still attract the interest of researchers. In the recent years alternative models have been advanced, including the neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development, which objective to integrate Piaget's ideas which stood up well the check of time with more recent theorizing & methods in developmental & cognitive science.

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